Eaglehawk and crow : a study of the Australian Aborigines including an inquiry into their origin and a survey of Australian languages / by John Mathew

Creator
Mathew, John, 1849-1929
Call Number
NL 572.994 MAT
Created/Published
London : David Nutt ; Melbourne : Melville, Mullen and Slade, 1899
Images
320
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Contents

EAGLEHAWK AND CROW 2
Some Press Notices 5
EAGLEHAWK AND CROW A STUDY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES INCLUDING AN INQUIRY INTO THEIR ORIGIN AND A SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN LANGUAGES 10
PREFACE 14
CONTENTS 18
EAGLEHAWK AND CROW A STUDY OF THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES CHAPTER I THE ORIGIN OF THE AUSTRALIAN RACE Origin, old designation Papuans—Dr. Lesson’s theory—M. de Quatrefages’—Dr. Latham’s view—Mr. E. M. Curr’s—Dr. Topinard’s —The writer’s, first inhabitants Papuan—Dravidian immigration—Malay immigration. 22
CHAPTER II THE INDIGENES OF AUSTRALIA PAPUAN The Primitive Papuan base—Evidence from physiology contrast between Australians and Tasmanians—Statements re mixture of races: Mr. Jardine’s, Rev. George Taplin’s—Negro appearance of natives in the west—Appearance of blacks in north Australia—Shape of nose—Argument from mythology and tradition—Eagle and crow—Eagle and mopoke—Mr. McLennan on traditions of primitive man—Scripture metaphors—Heraldry—Australian classes, eaglehawk and crow—Mr. A. W. Howitt on classes—Eaglehawk and little owl—Apotheosis of heroes—Argument from implements—Stone tools—Clubs—Climbing-ropes—Argument from customs—Argument from language—Common phonology—Papuan lingual traces in Australia—Tasmanian speech crossed over from Victoria—Numerals—Idioms—Pronouns—Analogies—Tasmanian and New Caledonian. 29
CHAPTER III THE DRAVIDIAN ELEMENT The Dravidian element—System of kinship—Linguistic resemblances —The pronoun—Caldwell on Dravidian numerals—Likeness to Australian—Dr.Müller’s objections to relationship between Dravidians and Australians. 70
CHAPTER IV THE MALAY ELEMENT The Malay element—Malay activity—Physical appearance—Rev. J. L. Threlkeld on dissimilarity of language—Lingual analogies—Circumcision and message-stick of Malay introduction—Recapitulation. 78
CHAPTER V DISTRIBUTION Distribution of the population—Mr. E. J. Eyre’s theory—The three divisions and their characteristics—The Tasmanians and the first of their successors ignorant of circumcision—Its prevalence in Australia reveals nothing about origin—Tribal nomenclature—Migration from the north-east—Linguistic evidence—Names of emu traceable to north-east—Words find explanation there—Numerals traced to north-east—Some traced to New Guinea—Words for man similarly traced—Two currents of language cross each other in east central part of continent—Double line of advance from north to south in extreme east—Besides Papuan and Malay, a residual race to account for—Summary of evidence on distribution—Table tracing words from south-west to north-east. 87
CHAPTER VI PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF THE AUSTRALIANS Physical, mental, and moral characteristics—Physical appearance—Mental characters—Ramahyuck school one hundred per cent, of marks for three consecutive years—Imitation—Moral characters—Instability —Sympathetic and affectionate—Gaiety—Improvidence—Native police—Missionary effort—Barbarous whites, humane pioneers. 97
CHAPTER VII DWELLINGS, CLOTHING, IMPLEMENTS, FOOD Dwellings, clothing, food, &c.—The blackfellow’s home—His clothing —Preparation of rugs—Use of bark of native tea-tree—Ornaments—Cicatrices—Piercing septum of nose—Bags and baskets—Weapons—Food, from cicada to kangaroo—Method of eating honey—Nardu and nardoo—Bunya—Pitoheri, comhungie or wangle—Ovens—Diseases—Caused by sorcery—Treatment—Longevity. 107
CHAPTER VIII GOVERNMENT, LAWS, INSTITUTIONS Government, laws, institutions—Aboriginal bondage to tradition—Tribal cohesion—Leadership—System of kinship and matrimonial restrictions—Ganowanian classes—Blood-ties or marks of courtesy—Dr. Fison on the Murdoo legend—Classes not the result of a conscious reformatory effort—Promiscuous intercourse—Polyandry—Exogamy —Stages of social development as marked by marriage—Australian classes, group-marriage—Negatives as names of communities, classnames and totemism. 116
GENERAL VIEW OF AUSTRALIAN CLASS-SYSTEMS M = Male; F = Female; C = Children VICTORIA. 125
CHAPTER IX MARRIAGE, MAN-MAKING, MUTILATIONS, BURIAL CUSTOMS Marriage, man-making, mutilations, burial—Betrothal—Barter-Marriage by capture—By agreement—Love-letters—Mutual avoidance of mother-in-law and son-in-law—Stages of approach to manhood marked—Imitation to manhood in the Bora—Primary objects of initiation ceremonies—Mutilations—Circumcision—Amputation of finger-joints—The terrible rite—Mourning relics carried—Burial—Death ascribed to sorcery—Cutting for the dead—Abstinence. 136
CHAPTER X ART, CORROBOREES Art—Corroborees—Message-sticks of Malay introduction—Rockpaintings, where found—Mr. Giles’ discovery at Lake Amadeus—Captain Stokes’ discovery at Depuch Island—Mr. Norman, Taylor’s in Cape York Peninsula—Mr. Cunningham’s at Clack’s Island—Painting at Nardoo Creek, Queensland—Captain Flinders’ discovery at Chasm Island—Captain Grey’s at Glenelg River, N.-W. Australia—Authorship—DAIBAITAH—Mr. Bradshaw’s discoveries at Prince Regent River described—Explained—Parvati—Siva—Mr. W. Froggatt’s discoveries—NAURI—Hand-prints—Figures—Cave-paintings in New South Wales, and at Billiminah Creek, Victoria—Sample of work at Billiminah Creek—Rock-carvings near Sydney—The Australian muse —Corroborees. 148
CHAPTER XI SORCERY, SUPERSTITIONS, RELIGION Sorcery, superstitions, religion—The bane of sorcery—Native magicians or doctors—Their professed powers—Native phlebotomy—The rainbow—Spells—Names of deceased persons—Sacred pebbles—Ghosts—Ancient heroes—Deities. 171
CHAPTER XII AUSTRALIAN LANGUAGES Introduction to Australian languages—Bleek’s classification—The writer’s classification Fundamental principle of word-structure agglutination—Phonic system—Etymology—Formation of compound words—Kaiap, miowera, koonawara, koondooloo, kangaroo, kagurrin (name of laughing-jackass), wagan (name of crow), boomerang—Words—Particles—Noun—Number—Gender—Adjective—Numerals —Table showing relation of numerals—Pronoun and table—Prepositions and conjunctions—Verb. 178
CHAPTER XIII OUTLINES OF GRAMMAR Grammatical sketch of Tasmanian and of five Australian dialects representing the linguistic classes—Tasmanian—Wimmera, Victoria —Kabi, Queensland—Specimen in Kabi, with translation—West Australia—Diyeri, South Australia—Macdonnell Ranges, Central Australia. 204
FOREWORD TO COMPARATIVE TABLE 236
INDEX 304

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Mathew, John. (1899). Eaglehawk and crow : a study of the Australian Aborigines including an inquiry into their origin and a survey of Australian languages Retrieved April 25, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52758516

MLA citation

Mathew, John. Eaglehawk and crow : a study of the Australian Aborigines including an inquiry into their origin and a survey of Australian languages London : Melbourne: David Nutt ; Melville, Mullen and Slade, 1899. Web. 25 April 2024 <http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52758516>

Harvard/Australian citation

Mathew, John. 1899, Eaglehawk and crow : a study of the Australian Aborigines including an inquiry into their origin and a survey of Australian languages David Nutt ; Melville, Mullen and Slade, London : Melbourne viewed 25 April 2024 http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52758516

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{{Citation
  | author1=Mathew, John.
  | title=Eaglehawk and crow : a study of the Australian Aborigines including an inquiry into their origin and a survey of Australian languages
  | year=1899
  | section=xvi, 288 pages, [6] leaves of plates (1 folded) : illustrations, map, portraits ; 24 cm.
  | location=London : Melbourne
  | publisher=David Nutt ; Melville, Mullen and Slade
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52758516
  | id=nla.obj-52758516
  | access-date=25 April 2024
  | via=Trove
}}

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1899
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