The Measure of the Years' final copies set I. Chapters 16-25

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MS 4936-Papers of Sir Robert Menzies/Class. Original Consignment/Series 10/File 76
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Text

g.. AJŁJBLE KILL·  

CHAPTER JĄ  

LJ¡m  

Every nation needs Capital city of which it can be  

proud. Old nations have old capitals, rich in history and  

the beauty of age. London, Paris, Rome. But for new  

nation the problem is different, for it must consciously create  

capital with all its history to come. Where, as in the case  

of the United States and Australia, the nation is created as  

Federal  

federation of States, each with its own ca ital city* the new  

government and Parliament must be established in an area and  

city acquired and established for Federal purposes. In America,  

it was Wàshington and the District of Columbia} in Australia,  

it was Canberra and the Australian Capital Territory. As the  

new Capital will inevitably have small beginnings it will begin  

by being looked down upon by its elder State brethren, and later,  

as it grows at the centre of power, be looked JŞWAâPWw* but  

ultimately with pride.  

Such things are inevitable at the outset of Federation,  

for the local patriotisms of the former colonies, now constituent  

States, are both strong and vocal.  

In Australia, before Federation, there was great  

jealousy between Sydney and Melbourne, each fearing that the  

other would become the Federal Capital. Before they would  

vote for federation, New South Welshmen needed to be satisfied  

on this point. So famous compromise was made which found  

its place in Section 125 of the Commonwealth Constitution.  

This section provided that the seat of government of the  

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