Fix this text
THE
Fix this textPacific Islands
Fix this textMonthly
Fix this textTHE ONLY JOURNAL CIRCULATING THROUGHOUT THE ISLAND TERRITORIES AND GROUPS
Fix this textOF THE CENTRAL AND SOUTH PACIFIC.
Fix this textVol. 1—No. 11.
Fix this textRegistered at G.P.O., Sydney, for
Fix this texttransmission by Post as a Newspaper
Fix this textSYDNEY: FRIDAY, JUNE 19, 1931.
Fix this textSingle Copy, Bd.
Fix this textPer Annum, posted, 8/-.
Fix this textN. CALEDONIA
Fix this textTRADE
Fix this textDriven From Australia
Fix this textPossibilities of Developing N.Z.
Fix this textMarket
Fix this textBLOCKED out of Australia by re
Fix this textcent developments and by a tariff
Fix this textwall, New Caledonia is looking to
Fix this textNew Zealand to see if there are possi
Fix this textbilities for trade in the Dominion, ac
Fix this textcording to Miss D. Miller, of the
Fix this textAuckland University College, who has
Fix this textjust returned from a holiday there.
Fix this textThe island must have flour, butter,
Fix this textsugar and cheese, and New Zealand
Fix this textcould supply at least two of these
Fix this textcommodities. Hitherto, New Caledonia
Fix this texthad dealt with the Commonwealth,
Fix this textsaid Miss Miller, in a newspaper inter
Fix this textview, but they were being blocked by
Fix this texta hostile tariff and by the depression
Fix this textin Australia.
Fix this textWhen Miss Miller went to New Cale
Fix this textdonia she changed her Australian
Fix this textmoney for francs and in return for
Fix this text£1 she received 109 francs. That was
Fix this textin December. When she came away
Fix this textjust recently the rate had fallen to
Fix this text93 francs per £1.
Fix this textThe island was rich in minerals of
Fix this textmany kinds and produced fruit of
Fix this textdescriptions. Recently, its market for
Fix this textthe latter in Australia was blocked,
Fix this textowing to the stipulation from the Com
Fix this textmonwealth that each fruit must bear
Fix this texta stem and two leaves.
Fix this textIn France, Miss Miller said, New
Fix this textCaledonian coffee was supposed to be
Fix this textthe best obtainable.
Fix this textThe difficulty at present was to ob
Fix this texttain finance to develop the island. Un
Fix this textder the French colonial system all
Fix this textofficials were appointed from France.
Fix this textConsequently, they did not look upon
Fix this textthe island as their home and spent
Fix this textas little money there as possible. The
Fix this textresult was obvious.
Fix this textMembers of the New Caledonia
Fix this textHouse of Representatives had asked
Fix this textMiss Miller whether it was possible for
Fix this textbetter trade relations to exist between
Fix this textNew Zealand and New Caledonia. On
Fix this texttheir part, they were very anxious
Fix this textthat it 'Should be so, as it might
Fix this textmean their salvation. They were
Fix this textstruggling hard against overwhelming
Fix this textodds and were prepared to do anything
Fix this textwhich might ameliorate the position.
Fix this textThey would send a boat to New Zea
Fix this textland via Norfolk Island, with produce
Fix this textfrom New Caledonia, if given any
Fix this textprospects of being able to dispose of
Fix this texttheir produce.
Fix this textFIJI’S EXPORTS
Fix this textTrade Holds Well
Fix this textFrom Our Own Correspondent.
Fix this textSUVA, May 28.
Fix this textTHE returns for revenue from out
Fix this textside trade for the three months
Fix this textending Marfth were considerably
Fix this textbelow the estimates, according to the
Fix this textreport cf Mr. Wilson, Comptroller of
Fix this textCustoms. The figures are as follow;
Fix this textMarch Qr. March Qr.
Fix this text1931 1930
Fix this textExports . £250,644 £366,186
Fix this textImports £222,644 £354,308
Fix this textDetails of the exports, compared with
Fix this textthe exports in the same quarter of 1930,
Fix this textare as follow;
Fix this textSugar, 1931, 19,407 tons, £148,239; 1930,
Fix this text15,154 tons, £181,683.
Fix this textCopra, 1931, 5,350 tons, £64,419; 1930,
Fix this text7,385 tons. £122,381.
Fix this textBananas, 1931, 21,339 cases, £11,541.
Fix this textOther products, 1931, £25,677; 1930,
Fix this text£40,871.
Fix this textThe position, however, does not leave
Fix this textthe Comptroller very pessimistic. As
Fix this texthe points out, the revenue generally
Fix this textpicks up after the first quarter, and by
Fix this textthe third quarter quite a third of the
Fix this textyear’s revenue has come in.
Fix this textThe trade generally is showing signs
Fix this textof holding its own fairly well. The one
Fix this textthing needed to make things recover
Fix this textquickly is a strong, upward tendency
Fix this textin the copra market, as copra, after all,
Fix this textaffects more of our white population
Fix this textthan any other of our exported com
Fix this textmodities.
Fix this textNIUAFOOU’S MAIL
Fix this text“Tin-Can” Delivery Suspended
Fix this textTHE “tin-can” mail at Niuafoou has
Fix this textbeen suspended. On the last trip
Fix this textof the Tofua, the mail was
Fix this textbrought out to the steamer in a cata
Fix this textmaran. It is not known whether this
Fix this textnew method of transporting His Ma
Fix this textjesty’s mails will be adopted perman
Fix this textently.
Fix this textA letter from a resident of the is
Fix this textland to the purser of the Tofua ex
Fix this textplained the reason for the departure
Fix this textfrom the famous old custom of receiv
Fix this texting and delivering the mail by a sealed
Fix this textkerosene tin, pushed by swimming na
Fix this texttives. A man-eating shark was hold
Fix this texting sway around the island, and two
Fix this textdays prior to the Tofua’s visit, it had
Fix this textattacked a native fisherman, who was
Fix this textso badly gashed that he died later
Fix this textfrom shock and loss of blood. This
Fix this textmonster was still around and evident
Fix this textly it was considered too much of a
Fix this textrisk to subject the natives, who take
Fix this textthe “tin-can,” to the danger of an at
Fix this texttack.
Fix this textTUNG OIL CULTURE
Fix this textClimatic Dangers
Fix this textWarning From Auckland
Fix this textIN forwarding certain pamphlets to
Fix this textThe Pacific Islands Monthly, the
Fix this textthe Secretary of the New Zealand
Fix this textTung Oil Corporation Ltd., of Auck
Fix this textland, N.Z., very courteously provides
Fix this textthe following in
Fix this textformation about
Fix this texttung oil tree cul
Fix this textture, gathered as
Fix this textthe result of prac
Fix this texttical experience:
Fix this text“The tung oil
Fix this texttree will grow in
Fix this textmany places. But
Fix this textyour readers
Fix this textshould note that
Fix this textwhere there is no
Fix this textdrought or late
Fix this textfrosts, and the
Fix this textdifference in tem
Fix this textperature is not
Fix this textvery marked, this
Fix this texttree becomes an
Fix this textevergreen, and
Fix this textthen it will not
Fix this textbear nuts. A
Fix this textspread-over rain
Fix this textfall seems to be
Fix this textessential from
Fix this text30 to 50 inches
Fix this textper annum is sat
Fix this textisfactory, if well
Fix this textdistributed.
Fix this text“These points
Fix this textshould be con
Fix this textsidered before one
Fix this textcommits himself
Fix this textto planting in a
Fix this textlarge way. The
Fix this textpeople up Pen
Fix this textnant Hills way
Fix this text(New South
Fix this textWales) are very
Fix this textwisely going slow
Fix this textly at first.”
Fix this textPapuan Sugar
Fix this textNew Industry Planned
Fix this textSatisfactory Results At
Fix this textSangara
Fix this textTHE cultivation of sugar cane in
Fix this textPapua is at present receiving a
Fix this textgreat deal of attention.
Fix this textPlanting has been already carried
Fix this textout in the Sangara District, and our
Fix this textPort Moresby correspondent states that
Fix this textthere are rumours that the Sangara
Fix this textSugar Syndicate is negotiating in Aus
Fix this texttralia for the formation of a company
Fix this texton a fairly large scale.
Fix this textThe initial operations of this syn
Fix this textdicate, it is claimed, have proved
Fix this textentirely satisfactory.
Fix this textBesides the Sangara Company, a new
Fix this textenterprise—Papuan Rural Products
Fix this textLtd. has been formed, with head
Fix this textquarters in Melbourne, to exploit the
Fix this textnatural advantages of the Territory
Fix this textfor growing sugar cane and manufac
Fix this textturing sugar and its various by-pro
Fix this textducts. This company, which has a
Fix this textnominal capital of £25,000, is now
Fix this textmaking a public issue of 40,000 bonds
Fix this textof £30 each.
Fix this textIt has selected 20,000 acres of land
Fix this texta short distance Inland from the shores
Fix this textof Colling woca Bay, in the North-
Fix this textEastern division of the Territory. The
Fix this textland was chosen by Queensland
Fix this textsugar expert.
Fix this textIn connection with sugar cultivation
Fix this textin Papua, Sir Hubert Murray, the Lieu
Fix this texttenant-Governor, in his last report,
Fix this textsaid: “There is ground for confident
Fix this texthope that our advantages of climate,
Fix this textsoil, rainfall and labour will enable
Fix this textPapuan sugar planters to compete suc
Fix this textcessfully on the world’s markets against
Fix this textproducers in any other country.”
Fix this textSir Hubert Murray Invited
Fix this textto Science Congress
Fix this textFrom Our Own Correspondent
Fix this textPORT MORESBY, May 28.
Fix this textHIS Excellency, Sir Hubert Murray,
Fix this texthas received an invitation from
Fix this textthe Australasian Association for
Fix this textthe Advancement of Science, to be one
Fix this textof its representatives at the Centenary
Fix this textMeeting of the British Association, to
Fix this textbe held in London on September 23 to
Fix this text30 of this year.
Fix this textIt is not yet certain whether His
Fix this textExcellency will be able to leave the
Fix this textTerritory, but if so, Sir Hubert will be
Fix this textaccompanied by Lady Murray and will
Fix this textleave Papua in July. He expects to
Fix this textbe away for four or five months.
Fix this textNEW GUINEA’S AERIAL TRANSPORT
Fix this textRECOVERY OF COCONUT OIL
Fix this textAmerican Chemist Introduces a New
Fix this textBacterial Process
Fix this textCLAIMED TO BE MUCH CHEAPER AND BETTER
Fix this textTHAN CRUSHING
Fix this textA DISCOVERY of first-rate importance to the copra industry was made
Fix this textin 1929 by an American chemist, Mr. John W. Beckman, of California.
Fix this textIt is described in the following article, which is taken from a paper
Fix this textwritten by Mr. Beckman and entitled “Recovery of Vegetable Oils and Fats by
Fix this texta Bacterial Process.”
Fix this text“The process,” says Mr. Beckman, in a letter to The Pacific Islands
Fix this textMonthly, “works perfectly on coconuts; and one of the largest coconut-oil
Fix this textproducers in the world is at present (April, 1931) carrying on extensive
Fix this textexperiments and investigation of the process, with the idea of installing same
Fix this textat various points. It may interest you to know that a plant, using the same
Fix this textprinciple, is going to be installed in India for the manufacture of ground-nut
Fix this textoil.”
Fix this textMr. Beckman’s paper, presented to a learned body in America, follows:
Fix this textFATS have from time immemorial
Fix this textbeen a food essential to the
Fix this texthuman race, as well as an acces
Fix this textsory in the arts and in the toilette.
Fix this textThe recovery of this essential article
Fix this texthas from the very first been by means
Fix this textof pressure after the fat-carrying mat
Fix this texterial had received suitable preliminary
Fix this texttreatment. As technical skill has ad
Fix this textvanced, the methods of applying pres
Fix this textsure have been improved and the
Fix this textpressure has been increased, until at
Fix this textpresent it seems as if the ultimate in
Fix this textpressure has been attained. There
Fix this textremains, so far as the pressure meth
Fix this textods are concerned, only the improving
Fix this textof the accessory treatment of the
Fix this textmaterials crushed.
Fix this textThe vegetable-oil industry is justly
Fix this textrated as a chemical industry, since the
Fix this textultimate product is a chemical and the
Fix this textmaterial in which the oil is contained
Fix this textis of a chemical nature, though the
Fix this textmethod of recovery as practiced to date
Fix this textis mechanical only. Some late devel
Fix this textopments have been made of extracting
Fix this textthe oil with a solvent, but the use of
Fix this textthis process is so limited that no
Fix this textreference has been made to it here.
Fix this textAnd it has seemed as though there
Fix this textwere no other possible approach for
Fix this textthe recovery of the oil considering the
Fix this textnature of the raw material and the
Fix this textdelicacy of the oil.
Fix this textTake, for example, the coconut,
Fix this textwhich contains in its dried condition
Fix this textas copra about 64 per cent, of oil. The
Fix this textoil-containing cells are so small that
Fix this texteven by passing the dried nut through
Fix this texta grinding mill only a limited amount
Fix this textof oil is freed and the cell walls are
Fix this textso tough that added troubles are en
Fix this textcountered when the oil is expelled by
Fix this textmechanical means. Therefore, various
Fix this texthigh-temperature treatments of the
Fix this textnut are necessary before the cell walls
Fix this textbecome brittle enough to crush under
Fix this textthe high pressure and so release the
Fix this textoil.
Fix this textTheoretical Basis of Process
Fix this textThe cell walls are composed of cellu
Fix this textlose, other carbohydrates like sugars,
Fix this textand proteins. It would appear that
Fix this textthese facts might suggest a chemical
Fix this textmeans of liberating oil from vegetable
Fix this textoilbearing materials. If so, the prob
Fix this textlem then evolves around how to find
Fix this textsome solvent for the cell walls that
Fix this textwill liberate the oil, so that it may be
Fix this textrecovered without any high pressure
Fix this textother than that used on a filter press.
Fix this textIt seems unlikely that any inorganic
Fix this textsubstance could be found that would
Fix this textattack at least two of these substances
Fix this textand make them water-soluble, and in
Fix this textso doing would not affect either the
Fix this textoil or the residue, which is very valu
Fix this textable as a cattle feed. The other alter
Fix this textnative would be to find some organic
Fix this textmeans in the shape of enzymes or
Fix this textsimilar substances that might attack
Fix this textthe cell walls, making them in whole
Fix this textor part water-soluble, and in such
Fix this textfashion break down the cells and re
Fix this textlease the oil. Such a process should
Fix this textnot involve many steps and should be
Fix this textsimple both in principle and in actual
Fix this textoperation. Preferably also should the
Fix this textenzymes be formed directly through
Fix this textsome action upon the substances con
Fix this texttained in the cell walls themselves.
Fix this textThere is a very prevalent hardy and
Fix this textvigorous anaerobic and thermophilic
Fix this textbacterium, Bacillus delbruecki, that is
Fix this texteasy to obtain from brewer’s malt,
Fix this textwhich will attack sugars, changing
Fix this textthem into lactic acid, and produce in
Fix this textso doing an enzyme which vigorously
Fix this textattacks proteins, changing them into
Fix this textwater-soluble amino acids. This bac
Fix this textterium has been pressed into service
Fix this textin a new oil-recovery process not based
Fix this textupon the old principle of pressure.
Fix this textThe temperature at which these or
Fix this textganisms prefer to work is 50 deg. C.,
Fix this textand this fact makes it possible to
Fix this textoperate under conditions that are self
Fix this textsterilising, since most organisms are
Fix this texteither killed at that heat or inhibited
Fix this textin their activities. If a culture of this
Fix this textorganism made from brewer’s malt is
Fix this textmixed with disintegrated nuts, such as
Fix this textcopra, together with a weighed amount
Fix this textof ground limestone and sufficient
Fix this textwater to form a mush, and the result
Fix this texting mixture is placed in an incubator
Fix this textat the desired temperature, with exclu
Fix this text(CONTINUED ON PAGE 2)
Fix this textSwimming out with the mail at Niuafoou.
Fix this textUnloading a boiler weighing 5,9001b. from one of the new Junker 'planes at Bulolo
Fix this textaerodrome, New Guinea Goldfields. In the right background can be seen the main camp
Fix this textof Bulolo Gold Dredging Limited.
Fix this textIt's easy and takes two shakes of a lamb's tail!
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http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605
(1931). Pacific islands monthly : PIM Retrieved February 16, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605
Pacific islands monthly : PIM [Sydney: Pacific Publications, 1931. Web. 16 February 2025 <http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605>
1931, Pacific islands monthly : PIM Pacific Publications, [Sydney viewed 16 February 2025 http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605
{{Citation
|
| title=Pacific islands monthly : PIM.
| year=1931
| section=v. : illustrations ; 28-42 cm.
| issn=0030-8722
| issue=Vol. 1 No. 11 (Jun. 19, 1931)
| location=[Sydney
| publisher=Pacific Publications
| url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-333566605
| id=nla.obj-333566605
| access-date=16 February 2025
| via=Trove
}}
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