Guide to the Guide to Journals of General Surgeons (as filmed by the AJCP)
M708 - M712
National Library of Australia View Catalogue Record
Created: 2019
Collection Summary
- Creator
- Journals of General Surgeons
- Title
- Journals of General Surgeons (as filmed by the AJCP)
- Date Range
- 4 September 1848 - 31 December 1880
- Collection Number
- M708 - M712
- Extent
- 62 items
- Language of Materials
- English
- Repository
- Australian Joint Copying Project
- Sponsor
- The Australian Joint Copying Project (AJCP) online portal was created with the assistance of the Australian Public Service Modernisation Fund, 2017-2020. The National Library of Australia gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the other foundation AJCP partners, the State Library of New South Wales and The National Archives of the UK, and all other organisations which supported the work of the AJCP, the world's most extensive collaborative copying project, operating from 1948 to 1997.
Introduction
Scope and Contents
Journals kept by surgeons on ships of the China, Australia and Pacific Stations, and also 26 journals kept by surgeons on convict ships sailing to Australia 1848-64. The journals contain details of illnesses and lists of patients, as well as movements of the ship and brief descriptions of places visited.
Journals of the following Royal Navy surgeons: R.R. Siccama (HMS Modeste 1876), Anthony Gorham (HMS Ringdove 1873, 1876), George M. Cuffe (HMS Growler 1877), Edward T. Lloyd (HMS Fly 1875), John Buckley (HMS Rinaldo 1870-72), Robert Nelson (HMS Juno 1876-77), William Patrick (HMS Niger 1856-60), Gilbert L. King (HMS Sphinx 1861-62), Thomas Coghlan (HMS Sphinx 1863), A.B. Messer (HMS Perseus 1867, HMS Pearl 1874-75, HMS Curacoa 1863-64), Thomas L. Bickford (HMS Charydbis 1874-76), John T. Caddy (HMS Pylades 1858-59), Godfrey Goodman (HMS Dido 1875, HMS Basilisk 1872), Peter Comrie (HMS Basilisk 1874), Robert Edward (HMS Pelorus 1861), W. Fasken (HMS Fawn 1862), Walter Reid (HMS Wolverene 1876, 1879), George Mair (HMS Danae 1880), Henry Slade (HMS Miranda 1862, 1864), D. Hilston (HMS Harrier 1862-63), Alexander Rattray (HMS Salamander 1865, 1867), Charles Forbes (HMS Topaze 1863), William Hoggan (HMS Repulse 1875), John C. Messer (HMS Charybdis 1869), W.H. Adam (HMS Megara 1871).
2. Journals of the following surgeons on convict ships: Charles A. Anderson (Lord Dalhousie 1852), Samuel Donnelly (Adelaide 1855), John W. Elliott (Castle Eden 1855-56), Charles Smith (Duchess of Northumberland 1852-53), T.H. Keown (Hyderabad 1850). Robert William (Horatio 1852), Robert W. Clarke (John William Dare 1851-52), Joseph Cladwell (Lady Kennaway 1850-51), Samuel Donnelly (Lady Montague 1852), John W. Bowler (Phoebe Dunbar 1853), Daniel Ritchie (Ramillies 1854), Harvey Morris (Robert Small 1853), George D. MacLaren (Scindian 1855), Joseph Caldwell (Sea Park 1853-54), John Stewart (Sibella 1853), Thomas Crawford (Martin Luther 1852), Alexander Kilroy (Mermaid 1850-51), Robert Stevenson (Mermaid 1856), David Thomas (Midlothian 1852-53), John Gibson (Minden 1851), John Kidd (Nile 1850), D. Geddes (Oriental Queen 1852-53), William Smith (Merchantman 1862-64), James Booth (London 1850-51), John Moody (Lord Auckland 1848-49), John Davidson (Lord Auckland 1852-53), I.G. Williams (Maria Soames 1850), Frederick LeGrand (Marion 1851-52).
Conditions Governing Access
Available for Access.
Conditions Governing Use
Many of the records digitised as part of the AJCP are still in copyright. Readers wishing to publish or reproduce documents should seek permission, in the first instance, from from the owner of the original material. Here the National Archives of the UK. Further advice is available from: The National Archives of the UK. Copyright
Preferred Citation
Acknowledgement of use of this material should refer to the location of the original material and to the Australian Joint Copying Project.
Citation items from this collection should include references to the location of the original material and to the AJCP nla.obj number, which serves as the online identifier for the digital copy.
Example: M Series: Journal of Capt. James Cook, 18 February 1770, British Library Add. MS 27885 (AJCP ref: http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-1234)
Archival History
Filmed at the Library of the Royal Naval Hospital, Hampshire, as part of the Australian Joint Copying Project, 1967. (AJCP reel M708-712). Original microfilm digitised as part of the NLA AJCP Online Delivery Project, 2017-2020.
The journals of naval surgeons held in the library at the Royal Naval Hospital at Haslar were later transferred to the Public Record Office in London (now The National Archives). They were placed in Adm. 101. Admiralty, Medical departments, Registers and journals.
Existence and Location of Originals
Originally held at the Library, Royal Naval Hospital, Gosport, Hampshire.
Currently held at The National Archives (of the United Kingdom). For further information see Journals of General Surgeons at The National Archives (https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C16475499).
Existence and Location of Copies
The original AJCP microfilm of the records filmed from this collection is available at theNational Library of Australia [https://nla.gov.au/nla.cat-vn2107028] as well as other institutions holding AJCP microfilm.
Related Materials
It should be noted that Adm. 101 contains many surgeons' journals in addition to those previously held at Haslar. The Australian Joint Copying Project microfilmed many of them, including journals of surgeons on convict transport, emigrant ships and a small number of Royal Navy vessels [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-732027610/findingaid#nla-obj-884653799]. They are listed on pages 75-77 of part 7 of the Australian Joint Copying Project Handbook [http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-397322928].
Finding-aid Notes
This finding aid is a revised online version of the original finding aid prepared by the Australian Joint Copying Project (AJCP), published by the National Library of Australia in 2019. The original AJCP finding aids were unpublished typescripts or photocopies available from libraries that held copies of the original microfilm.
Dates used in this finding aid refer to the date range of the records selected for filming rather than to the date range of the Series or Files.
Subjects
Australia; Convict ships; Convicts; surgeon; Medicine; Royal Navy: Australian Station; Royal Navy: voyages; Royal Navy
Bibliography
Originally cited in Australian Joint Copying Project Handbook. Part 8: Miscellaneous (M) Series. Third Edition, published 1998. Entry 450, p176.
Biographical / Historical
The Royal Hospital at Haslar, on the southern tip of Gosport Peninsula in Hampshire, was opened in 1754. At the time, it was the largest hospital in England and the largest brick building in Europe. By 1790 there were 2100 patients in the buildings. Until the twentieth century, the hospital was managed by naval officers rather than doctors. However, the staff included some distinguished doctors. James Lind, who was Chief Physician from 1758 to 1783, was the author of A treatise of the scurvy (1753) in which he stressed the importance of fresh fruit and vegetables. The noted explorer and naturalist Sir John Richardson was Inspector of Hospitals and Fleets at Haslar from 1838 to 1855. Thomas Huxley worked at Haslar before joining HMS Rattlesnake in 1846.During World War I and World War II, the Royal Naval Hospital treated huge numbers of Allied and enemy troops. It remained an active hospital until the end of the twentieth century, finally closing in 2009.
Item Descriptions
Series. East Indies and China Station, 30 June 1856 - 31 December 1877
13 itemsArchival History
Originally filmed on AJCP Reels M708-M710.
Subjects
Australia; Bickford, Thomas L.; Buckley, John; Caddy, John T.; Charybdis, HMS (ship); Cuffe, George M. (ship); Fly, HMS (ship); Gorham, Anthony; Growler, HMS (ship); Juno, HMS (ship); King, Gilbert L.; Lloyd, Edward T.; Medicine; Messer, Adam B.; Modeste, HMS (ship); Niger, HMS (Ship); Patrick, William; Perseus, HMS (ship); Pylades, HMS (Ship); Rinaldo, HMS (ship); Ringlove, HMS (ship); Royal Navy: China Station; Royal Navy: Pacific Station; Sphinx, HMS (Ship); Siccama, Rinso R.; Surgeons: Royal Navy ships
HMS Modeste, Journal of R.R. Siccama, staff surgeon, Naval brigade in Perak (50pp.), 1 January 1876 - 31 December 1876 (File 32 (TNA: Adm 101/196))
HMS Ringlove, Journal of Anthony Gorham, staff surgeon, Perak expedition, 1 January 1875 - 31 December 1876 (File 38 (TNA: Adm 101/192))
China station in 2 parts.
HMS Growler, Journal of George M. Cuffe, surgeon, Malay States (40pp.), 18 February 1877 - 31 December 1877 (File 39 (TNA: Adm 101/198))
HMS Fly, Journal of Edward T. Lloyd, surgeon, Operations in Malay States (50 PP.), 1 January 1875 - 31 December 1875 (File 41 (TNA: Adm 101/193))
Case histories, also descriptions of Batavia.
HMS Rinaldo, Journal of John Buckley, surgeon, References to Penang, Singapore, Labuan, Manila (70pp.), 1 January 1872 - 31 December 1872 (File 50 (TNA: Adm 101/188))
HMS Rinaldo, Journal of John Buckley, surgeon, References to Singapore, Malacca. Penang, King George's Sound (60pp.), 1 January 1871 - 31 December 1871 (File 51 (TNA: Adm 101/185))
HMS Rinaldo, Journal of John Buckley, surgeon, References to Japan (60pp.), 10 May 1870 - 31 December 1870 (File 52 (TNA: Adm 101/182))
HMS Juno, Journal of Robert Nelson, staff surgeon, References to Singapore, Hong kong and Shanghai (100pp.), 1 October 1876 - 31 December 1877 (File 53 (TNA: Adm 101/197))
HMS Niger, Journal of William Patrick, surgeon, References to Shanghai, Singapore, Borneo (100pp.), 1 June 1856 - 30 June 1860 (File 54 (TNA: Adm 101/160))
HMS Sphinx, Journal of Gilbert L. King, surgeon, Refers to Philippines, Pelew Islands (Palau), Mariana Islands (50pp.), 1 October 1861 - 1 October 1862 (File 57 (TNA: Adm 101/173))
Story of the search for a ship-wrecked crew.
HMS Sphinx, Journal of Thomas Coghlan, surgeon, Refers to East India, China, and passage to England, 1 January 1863 - 9 July 1863 (File 58)
Includes drawings of landscapes, and Flora and Fauna.
HMS Perseus, Journal of A.B. Messer, surgeon, Refers to Philippines and Pelew Islands (Palau) (100pp.), 1 January 1867 - 11 October 1867 (File 61 (TNA: Adm 101/179 ))
Discussion on fever and intestinal fevers
HMS Charybdis, Journal of Thomas L. Bickford, staff surgeon, Refers to military action in the Malay States, 1 January 1874 - 31 December 1876 (File 65 (TNA: Adm 101/191))
Action against Malay's includes a long account of the movements of the forces. (01/01/1874), (60pp.)
'Notes on Japan' includes discussion ofn health, and mention of Manila and Laubuan (01/01/1875 -31/12/1875), (90pp.)
'Notes on China station' has cases from the China area (01/01/1876 -31/12/1876), (80pp.)
HMS Pylades, Journal of John T. Caddy, surgeon, Refers to Singapore and New South Wales, 25 February 1858 - 31 December 1860 (File 72 (TNA: Adm 101/167))
Journals of East india, China and pacific stations, and Journals of Kelcoma or Yemen sore.
Journals span;
25/02/1858 -31/12/1958 (270pp.)01/01/1859 -31/12/1859 (190pp.)01/01/1860 -31/12/1860 (200pp.)
Series. Australian Station, 1 January 1861 - 31 December 1880
16 itemsArchival History
Originally filmed on AJCP Reels M710-M711.
Subjects
Australia; Basilisk, HMS (ship); Comrie, Peter; Curacoa, HMS (ship); Danae, HMS (ship); Dido, HMS (ship); Edwardes, Robert; Fasken, William; Fawn, HMS (ship); Goodman, Godfrey; Harrier, HMS (ship); Hilston, Duncan; Mair, George; Medicine; Messer, Adam B.; Miranda, HMS (ship); Pearl, HMS (ship); Pelorus, HMS (ship); Rattray, Alexander; Reid, Walter, surgeon; Salamander, HMS (Ship); Slade, Henry; Wolverene, HMS (Ship)
HMS Dido, Journal of Godfrey Goodman, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and other Pacific islands (50pp.), 1 January 1875 - 31 December 1875 (File 108 (TNA: Adm 101/245))
Introduction of measles into Fiji.
HMS Pearl, Journal of A.B. Messer, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Fiji (50pp.), 1 January 1874 - 31 December 1874 (File 109 (TNA: Adm 101/243))
HMS Pearl, Journal of A.B. Messer, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1875 - 31 December 1875 (File 110 (TNA: Adm 101/246))
Australia. Includes a description of an outbreak of entric fever, the Pearl and the Barracouta, and sewerage in Sydney
Pacific islands. Includes an enquiry into the reputed poisonous nature of the arrows of South Sea Islanders.
HMS Basilisk, Journal of Godfrey Goodman, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1872 - 31 December 1872 (File 111 (TNA: Adm 101/242/1A))
The Australian coast. Includes a small amount of description of the area covered.
HMS Basilisk, Journal of Peter Comrie, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1874 - 15 December 1874 (File 112 (TNA: Adm 101/244))
New Guinea and home voyage.
HMS Curacoa, Journal of A.B. Messer, assistant surgeon, Naval brigade in New Zealand (30pp.), 21 April 1863 - 20 May 1864 (File 113 (TNA: Adm 101/239))
HMS Pelorus, Journal of Robert Edwardes, assistant surgeon, Naval brigade in New Zealand (30pp.), 1 January 1861 - 31 December 1861 (File 114 (TNA: Adm 101/236))
Includes New Zealand climatic figures.
HMS Fawn, Journal (illustrated) of W. Fasken, surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1862 - 31 December 1862 (File 115 (TNA: Adm 101/237))
Includes a chart of polynesia and a watercolour of Queens House, Wallis Island.
HMS Wolverene, Journal of Walter Reid, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 August 1876 - 31 December 1876 (File 116 (TNA: Adm 101/247m))
Includes a description of the ship, the diet for the boys on the training ships, notes on Oxalic acid poisoning, also a discussion of the diseases beside the cases recorded.
HMS Wolverene, Journal of Walter Reid, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1879 - 31 December 1879 (File 117 (TNA: Adm 101/248))
Notes on South Sea Islands and dietary.
HMS Dance, Journal of George Mair, staff surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand, Samoa and other Pacific Islands (40pp.), 1 January 1880 - 31 December 1880 (File 118 (TNA: Adm 101/249))
Notes on Samoan groups of islands. Notes on special diseases.
HMS Miranda, Journal of Henry Slade, surgeon, Naval brigade in New Zealand, 1 January 1864 - 31 December 1864 (File 119 (TNA: Adm 101/240))
Wounded of naval brigade in New Zealand. Description of wounds and aid given during battle. 2 vols. Vol 1 includes a general review of cases and health.
Journals span;
Vol 1: 01/01/1864 (45pp.)Vol 2: 31/12/1864 (60pp.)
HMS Miranda, Journal of Henry Slade, surgeon, Refers to Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and other Pacific Islands (50pp.), 1 January 1862 - 31 December 1862 (File 120 (TNA: Adm 101/238))
HMS Harrier, Journal of D. Hilston, assistant surgeon, Naval brigade in New Zealand (30pp.), 1 November 1862 - 16 July 1863 (File 121 (TNA: Adm 101/238/1A))
HMS Salamander, Journal of Alexander Rattray, surgeon, Refers to Australia. (400pp.), 1 January 1865 - 31 December 1866 (File 122 (TNA: Adm 101/241))
Between Sydney and Somerset (Cape York). Contains description of the area, medical notes, history of the ship, medical climatology, physiological experiment, influence of diet and heat on the weight of the crew, climate and physical geography of the East coast of Australia. Includes climatic, geological and oceonographic maps, meteorolgical notes, and many tables of statistics.
Series. Convict Transports, 4 September 1848 - 17 September 1864
29 itemsDue to the method of filming the last page of some journals may run onto the next item.
Archival History
Originally filmed on AJCP Reel M711.
Subjects
Adelaide (convict ship); Anderson, Charles A.; Australia; Booth, James; Bowler, John W; Caldwell, Joseph; Castle Eden(convict ship); Clarke, Robert W.; Convicts; Convict ships: health and medical services; Convict ships; Crawford, Thomas; Davidson, John; Donnelly, Samuel; Duchess of Northumberland (convict ship); Elliott, John W.; Geddes, David; Gibson, John (surgeon); Great Britain; Horatio(convict ship); Hyderabad (convict ship); John William Dare (convict ship); Keown, Thomas H.; Kidd, John; Kilroy, Alexander; Lady Kennaway (convict ship); Lady Montague (convict ship); Le Grand, Frederick W.; London (convict ship); Lord Auckland (convict ship); Lord Dalhousie (convict ship); MacLaren, George D.; Maria Soames (convict ship); Marion (convict ship); Martin Luther (convict ship); Merchantman (convict ship); Mermaid (convict ship); Minden (convict ship); Midlothian (convict ship); Moody, John; Morris, Harvey; Nile (convict ship); Oriental Queen (convict ship); Phoebe Dunbar (convict ship); Ramillies (convict ship); Ritchie, Daniel; Scindian (convict ship); Sea Park (convict ship); Sibella (convict ship); Robert Small (convict ship); Smith, Charles; Smith, William; Stevenson, Robert; Stewart, John; Surgeons: convict ships; Thomas, David; Williams, J.G.
Lord Dalhousie, Journal of Charles A. Anderson, surgeon superintendent (50pp.), 4 April 1852 - 21 August 1852 (File 136 (TNA: Adm 101/251))
Difficulties with guards.
Adelaide, Journal of Samuel Donnelly, surgeon superintendent, 2 April 1855 - 23 July 1855 (File 138A (TNA: Adm 101/254/1A))
Voyage from Portland to Port Fremantle, Perth with 260 male convicts.
Castle Eden, Journal of John W. Elliott, surgeon, 9 September 1855 - 26 March 1856 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1B))
Voyage from Deptford and Portsmouth to Bermuda with 346 convicts.
Duchess of Northumberland, Journal of Charles Smith, surgeon, 9 November 1852 - 27 April 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1C))
Voyage from Woolwich to Hobart with 219 female convicts.
Hyderabad, Journal of T.H. Keown, surgeon superintendent, 20 August 1850 - 24 December 1850 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1D))
Voyage from Queenstown to Van Diemen's Land with 287 male convicts.
Horatio, Journal of Robert Grahame, surgeon superintendent, 23 January 1852 - 31 December 1852 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1E))
Stationed at Sheerness.
John William Dare, Journal of Robert W. Clarke, surgeon, 11 November 1851 - 29 May 1852 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1F))
Voyage from Dublin to Hobart with 172 female convicts.
Lady Kennaway, Journal of Joseph Caldwell, surgeon, 27 December 1850 - 30 July 1851 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1G))
Voyage from Portsmouth to Hobart and Norfolk island with 250 male convicts.
Lady Montague, Journal of Samuel Donnelly, surgeon, 29 June 1852 - 15 December 1852 (File (TNA: Adm 101/254/1H))
Voyage from Plymouth to Hobart with 290 male convicts.
Phoebe Dunbar, Journal of John W. Bowler, surgeon, 4 May 1853 - 21 September 1853 (File 138B (TNA: Adm 101/253/1A))
Voyage from Kingstown, Dublin to Swan River, W.A. with 295 male convicts.
Ramillies, Journal of Daniel Ritchie, surgeon, 12 April 1854 - 14 August 1854 (File (TNA: Adm 101/253/1B))
Voyage from London and Plymouth to Perth with 280 male convicts.
Robert Small, Journal of Harvey Morris, surgeon, 5 April 1853 - 13 September 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/253/1C))
Voyage from London to Perth with 312 male convicts
Scindian, Journal of George D. MacLaren, surgeon, 16 January 1855 - 20 February 1855 (File (TNA: Adm 101/253/1D))
Voyage to Gibraltar with convicts.
Sea Park, Journal of Joseph Caldwell, surgeon, December 1853 - April 1854 (File (TNA: Adm 101/253/1E))
Voyage from London to Perth with 304 male convicts.
Sibella, Journal of John Stewart, surgeon, 26 January 1853 - 2 March 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/253/1F))
Voyage to Gibraltar with convicts and troops.
Martin Luther, Journal of Thomas Crawford, surgeon, 1 June 1852 - 9 September 1852 (File 138C (TNA: Adm 101/252/1A))
Voyage from Dublin to Hobart with 212 female convicts.
Mermaid, Journal of Alexander Kilroy, surgeon, 16 December 1850 - 21 May 1851 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1B))
Voyage from Portsmouth to Perth with 209 male convicts.
Mermaid, Journal of Robert Stevenson, surgeon, 3 June 1856 - 11 August 1856 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1C))
Voyage to Gibraltar with convicts.
Midlothian, Journal of David Thomas, surgeon, 30 October 1852 - 3 March 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1D))
Voyage from Dublin to Hobart with 170 female convicts.
Minden, Journal of John Gibson, surgeon, 15 June 1851 - 22 October 1851 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1E))
Voyage from Plymouth to Perth with 302 male convicts.
Nile, Journal of John Kidd, surgeon, 15 June 1850 - 15 October 1850 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1F))
Voyage from Portland to Hobart with 300 male convicts.
Oriental Queen, Journal of David Geddes, surgeon, 23 September 1852 - 26 February 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/252/1G))
Voyage from Plymouth to Hobart with 280 male convicts.
Merchantman, Journal of William Smith, surgeon superintendent, 8 October 1862 - 17 February 1863 (File 138D (TNA: Adm 101/255/1A))
Voyage from London to Bermuda and Perth with 191 male convicts. Issue of grog and tobacco to convicts at Bermuda.
Merchantman, Journal of William Smith, surgeon superintendent, 11 June 1864 - 17 September 1864 (File (TNA: Adm 101/255/1B))
Voyage from Portland to Perth with 260 male convicts.
London, Journal of James Booth, surgeon,, 1 November 1850 - 28 March 1851 (File (TNA: Adm 101/255/1C))
Voyage from Dublin to Hobart with 288 male convicts.
Lord Auckland, Journal of John Moody, surgeon superintendent, 4 September 1848 - 27 January 1849 (File (TNA: Adm 101/255/1D))
Voyage from Dublin to Hobart with 200 female convicts.
Lord Auckland, Journal of John Davidson, surgeon superintendent, 1 September 1852 - 12 April 1853 (File (TNA: Adm 101/255/1E))
Voyage from Cork to Hobart with 248 male convicts.
Series. Home and Irregulars Station, 7 February 1871 - 11 October 1871
1 itemArchival History
Originally filmed on AJCP Reel M711.
Subjects
Adam, William H.; Megara, HMS (ship);
Series. Pacific Station, January 1863 - 31 December 1875
3 itemsArchival History
Originally filmed on AJCP Reels M711-M712.
Subjects
Charybdis, HMS (ship); Forbes, Charles; Hoggan, William; Medicine; Messer, John C.; Repulse, HMS (ship); Topaze, HMS (Ship); Royal Navy: Pacific Station
HMS Topaze, Journal of Charles Forbes, surgeon, January 1863 - December 1863 (File 145 (TNA: Adm 101/274))
Includes notes on the topography, geology and climate of Vancouver Island. Notes on the bounty system of enlistment.